Rembrandt (1609-1669) Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was born in Leiden. Rembrandt studied painting in Amsterdam when he was young and studied under the peart sterman, he from the perspective of psychoanalysis is famous portrait. Pieter DE la sterman I have been studying in Italy, under the influence of caravaggio, so as a student of Rembrandt, also have a passion for Italy's shade, light and shade contrast style of painting.
Rembrandt is a typical early 17 th-century Dutch painting style, but he later paintings have changed dramatically, Rembrandt further play a thick coating, increase its thickness under the light, shadow and make more transparent. Rembrandt self-portrait of for a long time, completely recorded the success and failure in his career, and he was in the development of oil painting techniques.
Rembrandt and Rubens can is known as the most outstanding master painting techniques. They are producing all kinds of comparative effect, as far as possible from the transparent and opaque, bright and dark, clear edges and fuzzy cloud, until the color changes in temperature contrast.
Rembrandt used color mixing of oil
Rembrandt used toning oil is very thick gel toning oil, very thick and dry quickly. Very prominent he painted Rembrandt high convex part of the shadows, in order to reflect drawing stereo feeling. Rembrandt's paintings in the shadows are transparent black, light and shadow color thickness is the same, but are not transparent, toning oil is easily dry, make whole picture writing clearly.
While Rembrandt's every a person feels his handy, but the whole picture give a person a kind of hard to finish painting effect. Rembrandt no Rubens painting genius, he is always in the painting is almost dry, and is suitable for use when the brush color began to change their drawing. So Rembrandt paintings can give a person a kind of difficult to modify the picture again after the first draw good feeling, as if with a painting ShuaLa mucus. This feeling light area is more apparent in the picture.
Rembrandt painting techniques under the model using the same color as Rubens oil painting: a variety of basic color mixing of oil, its practices refer to "how to make suitable for copy of Rembrandt paintings toning oil".
Rembrandt's paintings
Rembrandt painted on the canvas which mainly in gray tone, he also painted on the drawing board some get worked up a method of famous oil painting, but most Rembrandt's paintings are divided into several parts on the canvas.
Rembrandt painting technique demonstration, the canvas is fixed on the plywood of 12.7 cm. It has both the solid support of the board, and the simple sense of the canvas. Preparation process of the canvas and painting titian preparation process is the same, can see the explanation using the titian painting steps of oils. On a layer of raw sienna, lead white face with the canvas color mixing of oil color, this color can do bottom color, and make the canvas not bibulous, wait for after its are painted.
Rembrandt's paintings
Rembrandt most portraits are directly sketch oil painting, his paintings form than other masters is fluent, so his painting is divided into several parts to complete. Through a careful modification, on each part of the best results. Rembrandt, first with warm brown and toning oil on canvas draw portrait sketch, draw the transparent shadow with warm brown. Then the skin brightening coated with opaque shallow color of skin, and the mixture and shadow color. Rembrandt and Rubens, also stressed that a strong contrast between transparent and opaque. Rembrandt with black and white and bring up the cold grey color to represent the transition between light and shade, also often directly for transition with the impression of sketchpad grey color. Because yellow glazed, this kind of gray green.
Rembrandt USES Rubens one to get worked up method combination model, and use only one tone. Rembrandt constantly highlight deep opaque light area and the use of transparent color oil's shadow, and the contrast between warm and cool colors.
Rembrandt in the picture color is changed glue dry, brush is hard to move, to make the color mixture, this became a Rembrandt painting characteristic. But for many painters, this method is very difficult. Again after a long period of time, when the picture color completely condensation, Rembrandt let dry canvas.
At the start of the second part, Rembrandt in color mixing oil dilute black or brown, glazing at the whole picture, the whole figure in the shadows, then wipe with a cloth light in color. Some glazing color will stay in the picture are very thick color crack, which makes the whole picture have stereo feeling more. Rembrandt's paintings is usually divided into several parts to complete. Rembrandt's picture, soft shadows into the light zone, a miracle in the painting history.
Color and brush
The first part: the lead white, pale yellow, France pale red, bright red, ripe red ochre, brown, ivory and black.
The second part: ivory black.
Brush 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 round head bristle brush, the 5th round head sable brush and small flat brush mane mixed color.
Rembrandt painting skill demonstration
In cooked brown color add oil, on the canvas directly write, draw the character sketches. In this step, to grasp the good character of each part is one of the most important position.
2. Use cooked brown further perfect picture. The dark side of character with some watercolor of transparent color. In the background with ivory taupe, ripe red ochre and black. The background does not need color uniform, so you can directly on the canvas color, make some color thick in others.
3. Dry flat head with big hair brush in the background color mixture, but still not let the average background color too. Then on the color board with taupe, France light scarlet and a little white skin. Tuned with bristle brush color coated in the face of the light area.
4. Out of black and white, ivory, similar to the canvas color gray, shadow and apply face beard.
5. In their cheeks, nose and joints to join the scarlet, create a more deeper color effect.
6. Modified facial shadow in medium brown.
7. On the character's beard with a thick layer of pure white, yellow and white color mix in thick in the head light.
8. The people at the junction of light and shade, with has changed used bristle brush. A modification of a color, until the character form is clear, and have a soft edge.
9. The character in thick white beard, head light with light white. With brush pen in wet thick white beard beard administrative levels. With a mixture of brown and grey concrete painting people eye, eyebrow and hands. The hands of the light area light shall be dark in the head area. Shadow with brown coat and correction, make the color darker.
10. Use dark color oil painting figures shirt, then add the ivory black shirt is tonal darker, and apply with ivory black color in the pants. Ivory black pants in the dark, the light is a mixture of grey and brown color. Finish with a big flat brush color mixture mixed color.
11. The shirt on the dark black with ivory; The light with light grey, the dark joined ivory black coat.
12. With ripe red ochre and mixed color coated in the coat of light brown, and with the original dark color, do not add any color with oil deep ripe ochre, highlight the strongest light coat is the most obvious, then place a few days to dry. The first part is about 6 hours.
13. Two days later start to the second part. As the basic color in a painting is dry, at least the first layer of color is completely dry. With a large number of toning oil dilution ivory black gloss to the background, glazing color accumulation around the characters. After polishing, at the bottom of the picture and the bottom half wet bright glaze color is more apparent, can be reflected in the indoor light.
14. Details of work done. In the light area of the face and whiskers have been wiped, Rembrandt will be on the head with a layer of opaque color, repeat the above steps several times. In his later work, it is more apparent. Here, I did not follow the steps to Rembrandt paintings.
15. In the background with larger dry brush color, and make the base of color is displayed. Then the people body and head with a layer of color mixing oil and some ivory black, and once again with dry brush color, color cloth to wipe the face, beard glazing area. Black brush after, finally will be rub into the fissure between, between each make thick coating method to know nature.
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